How Do You Report Capital Gains on Your Tax Return in Canada?

To report capital gains on your Canadian tax return, you calculate your total gain (sale price minus adjusted cost base), apply the current inclusion rate, and report the taxable amount on line 12700 of your T1 General tax form (Schedule 3). The CRA requires you to report all capital gains in the year they occur, regardless of whether you've received payment, and you'll need supporting documentation showing your purchase price, sale price, and the date of the transaction. Timing matters when it comes to capital gains reporting. The year you report a gain is the year the asset is actually sold or disposed of, not the year you purchased it. This applies to: Stock or mutual fund sales Real estate transactions (excluding principal residence) Business asset disposals Cryptocurrency conversions Warrant or option exercises If you sell an investment in December 2026 but don't receive the proceeds until January 2027, you still report the gain on your 2026 tax return. By contrast, if an investment increases in value but you haven't sold it, no reporting is required until the sale actually happens. Most Canadian tax filers report capital gains using Schedule 3: Capital Gains (or Losses) in 2026.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to report capital gains if I haven't received the money yet?

Yes. You report capital gains in the year you sell the asset, not the year you receive payment. The CRA considers the gain realized on the sale date, regardless of when settlement occurs.

What documents does the CRA require to prove my capital gain?

You need purchase confirmations (showing your cost base), sale confirmations (showing proceeds), and the dates of both transactions. Keep all brokerage statements or real estate closing documents for at least six years after filing.

Can I report capital gains and losses in the same year?

Yes. Schedule 3 lets you offset capital losses against capital gains in the same year. If losses exceed gains, you can carry the excess back three years or forward indefinitely to offset future gains.

What's the difference between filing Schedule 3 myself versus using a tax software?

Tax software guides you through the same Schedule 3 calculations and automatically transfers amounts to the correct lines on your return. Both methods produce the same result; software just reduces manual entry errors and saves time.

Do I report capital gains differently if I'm self-employed?

No. Capital gains are reported the same way on Schedule 3 regardless of employment status. However, if you're self-employed and sell business assets, some dispositions may qualify for the capital gains exemption, which requires additional documentation.

Steps

  1. Gather your transaction records: Collect all purchase and sale confirmations for assets sold in 2026. Include brokerage statements, real estate closing documents, or other proof showing the purchase price (cost base) and sale price (proceeds of disposition), along with the dates of each transaction.
  2. Calculate your adjusted cost base: Start with your original purchase price and add any eligible costs such as brokerage commissions, legal fees, surveying costs, or reinvested dividends. This total is your adjusted cost base (ACB).
  3. Calculate your capital gain: Subtract your adjusted cost base from the proceeds of sale (selling price). This result is your capital gain. If the result is negative, you have a capital loss instead.
  4. Apply the inclusion rate: For 2026, multiply your capital gain by the applicable inclusion rate (currently 50% for most transactions). This gives you your taxable capital gain, which is what you actually report on your tax return.
  5. Complete Schedule 3: List each asset sold, enter the proceeds, cost base, and capital gain for each. Then enter your total taxable capital gain from Schedule 3 on line 12700 of your T1 General return.
  6. File your return: Submit your completed T1 General return (including Schedule 3) through CRA My Account, NETFILE-certified software, or by mail. Keep all supporting documents for at least six years.